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JEE Main levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 2 of 3so026

Which of the following describes a maximum-boiling azeotrope?

  1. AA mixture showing negative deviation from Raoult's law, whose vapour has the same composition as the liquid and which boils at a higher temperature than either component
  2. BA mixture showing positive deviation from Raoult's law that boils at a lower temperature than either component
  3. CAn ideal mixture that can be fully separated by fractional distillation
  4. DA mixture showing positive deviation whose boiling point is higher than that of either component

Answer: A

Negative deviation lowers the vapour pressure below the ideal value, so the boiling point rises and passes through a maximum at the azeotropic composition. At that composition liquid and vapour have the same composition and distillation does not separate them. Positive deviation gives a minimum-boiling azeotrope instead.
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More questions on Raoult's law, ideal and non-ideal solutions, azeotropes