Green chemistry and waste management

27 questions on Green chemistry and waste management from the Environmental Chemistry chapter: 5 NEET level, 11 JEE Main, 11 JEE Advanced. Each one opens with its answer and solution.

• Replacing chlorine by H2O2 for bleaching paper pulp is considered green because the main by-product of H2O2 is NEET level
• In modern dry cleaning, the toxic solvent tetrachloroethene is being replaced by NEET level
• Which one of the following is a non-biodegradable waste? NEET level
• Among the following types of reaction, the one that can have 100% atom economy is NEET level
• Composting of kitchen and garden waste is NEET level
• Ethanal is made by the palladium-catalysed oxidation of ethene in aqueous medium, overall 2C2H4 + O2 -> 2CH3CHO. The atom economy of this process is JEE Main level
• Assertion (A): Supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a green solvent, for example in decaffeination of coffee. Reason (R): Supercritical carbon dioxide is a s... JEE Main level
• Match the green chemistry principle in Column I with an example in Column II. Column I: P. Atom economy; Q. Safer solvents; R. Catalysis; S. Design for degradat... JEE Main level
• Burning waste that contains polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in an incinerator is hazardous mainly because it can release JEE Main level
• The main gas produced by anaerobic decomposition of organic waste in a sanitary landfill, which must be collected and used or flared, is JEE Main level
• Use atomic masses H 1, C 12, O 16, Na 23, Cl 35.5, Br 80. Which of the following reactions has the lowest atom economy for the organic product named first? JEE Main level
• A chemist protects a functional group, carries out the key step and then removes the protecting group, adding two steps and extra waste. Which principle of gree... JEE Main level
• Heating a reaction mixture by microwaves for 5 minutes instead of refluxing it for 6 hours illustrates which principle of green chemistry? JEE Main level
• Monitoring a reaction while it proceeds, so that formation of hazardous by-products can be detected and stopped, corresponds to which principle of green chemist... JEE Main level
• Electroplating effluent contains Cr^3+ and Ni^2+ ions. A standard treatment step is to JEE Main level
• Both substances in which of the following pairs are non-biodegradable? JEE Main level
• Ethanol is made by two routes. Route A: C2H5Br + NaOH -> C2H5OH + NaBr, yield 90%. Route B: C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH, yield 60%. Use atomic masses H 1, C 12, O 16, ... JEE Advanced level
• Nitrobenzene is reduced to aniline either by catalytic hydrogenation, C6H5NO2 + 3H2 -> C6H5NH2 + 2H2O, or with tin and hydrochloric acid, 2C6H5NO2 + 3Sn + 12HCl... JEE Advanced level
• Organic waste in a sanitary landfill decomposes anaerobically. Treat the waste as glucose which converts completely by C6H12O6 -> 3CH4 + 3CO2. Use C 12, H 1, O ... JEE Advanced level
• Municipal waste (25.0 kg) contains 40.0% PVC, (C2H3Cl)_n, by mass. On incineration all chlorine leaves as HCl: 2C2H3Cl + 5O2 -> 4CO2 + 2H2O + 2HCl. Use C 12, H ... JEE Advanced level
• Select the correct statements about supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent. JEE Advanced level
• Select the correct statements about green chemistry principles. JEE Advanced level
• Select the correct statements about waste management. JEE Advanced level
• Select the correct statements about treatment of industrial effluents. JEE Advanced level
• The Pd-catalysed oxidation of ethene to ethanal in water follows the overall equation 2C2H4 + O2 -> 2CH3CHO. Select the correct statements. JEE Advanced level
• Select the changes that are consistent with the aims of green chemistry. JEE Advanced level
• In a batch esterification, 60.0 kg of ethanoic acid (M = 60) and 46.0 kg of ethanol (M = 46) are charged: CH3COOH + C2H5OH -> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O. The ester (M = 8... JEE Advanced level