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JEE Advanced levelOne or more correct optionsDifficulty 3 of 3rg207

The experimental critical compressibility factor of most gases lies between 0.27 and 0.30, while the van der Waals equation predicts . Which statements are correct?

  1. AReal gases at the critical point are denser than the van der Waals equation predicts for the same and
  2. BThe van der Waals equation is quantitatively inaccurate near the critical point
  3. CThe discrepancy means is less than for real gases
  4. DA gas with must be ideal

Answer: A, B, C

below 0.375 means is smaller than , i.e. the real critical density is higher (A true). The two-parameter equation cannot reproduce critical behaviour quantitatively (B true). With , corresponds to , so a lower means less than (C true). An ideal gas has no critical point at all; would only mean van der Waals behaviour (D false).
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