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JEE Main levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 2 of 3pt123

Sulfur has a slightly lower first ionisation enthalpy () than phosphorus (). The best explanation is that

  1. A has a completely filled subshell
  2. Bin () the electron removed comes from a paired orbital, and its loss relieves repulsion and leaves the stable half-filled ion
  3. C has a lower nuclear charge than
  4. D has a smaller atomic radius than

Answer: B

is (half-filled, extra stable). Sulfur's fourth electron shares an orbital and feels pair repulsion; removing it gives the half-filled . So S is easier to ionise despite its higher nuclear charge.
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