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NEET levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 1 of 3nc092

The electrophile responsible for nitration of benzene with conc. $HNO X_{3}$ and conc. $H X_{2} SO X_{4}$ is

Anitrosonium ion, $NO X^{+}$
Bnitrate ion, $NO X_{3} X^{-}$
Chydrogensulfate ion, $HSO X_{4} X^{-}$
Dnitronium ion, $NO X_{2} X^{+}$

Answer: D

Sulfuric acid protonates nitric acid, which loses water to form the nitronium ion:

HNO X_{3} + 2 H X_{2} SO X_{4}

giving

NO X_{2} X^{+}

,

H X_{3} O X^{+}

and

2 HSO X_{4} X^{-}

.

NO X_{2} X^{+}

is the electrophile that attacks the ring.

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