Answer: B
Iron is oxidised at the anodic spots, so (A) is wrong. Oxygen is the oxidant at the cathode, so removing it slows rusting, (C) wrong. The FeX2+ formed diffuses and meets OHX− and OX2 away from the anode, so rust appears between the anodic and cathodic regions, not exactly on the anode, (D) wrong. The HX+ in the thin water film comes mainly from dissolved COX2 (HX2COX3) and other acidic impurities, so (B) is correct.