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JEE Main levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 2 of 3pl025

Phenol-formaldehyde resin is made in two stages, novolac and then bakelite. Which statement about novolac is correct?

  1. AIt is a linear, fusible, low molar mass polymer made with phenol in excess under acid catalysis, and heating it with hexamethylenetetramine gives cross-linked bakelite
  2. BIt is the final infusible cross-linked form of the resin
  3. CIt is made with excess methanal under basic catalysis and already carries many groups
  4. DIt is a condensation polymer of phenol with phthalic anhydride

Answer: A

Excess phenol with acid catalyst gives linear novolac; the base-catalysed, methanal-rich product with groups is the resole. Novolac is cross-linked into bakelite by hexamethylenetetramine on heating.
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