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JEE Main levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 2 of 3pb015

$PbO X_{2}$ is a strong oxidising agent whereas $SnCl X_{2}$ is a good reducing agent. Both facts are best explained by

Athe lanthanide contraction making Pb smaller than Sn
Bcatenation being stronger in Pb than in Sn
Cthe higher electronegativity of Sn than Pb
Dthe inert pair effect: +2 is the stable state of Pb, while +4 is the more stable state of Sn

Answer: D

Down group 14 the

n s^{2}

pair becomes less available for bonding.

Pb (IV)

readily goes to the more stable

Pb (II)

(so

PbO X_{2}

oxidises), while

Sn (II)

goes to the more stable

Sn (IV)

(so

SnCl X_{2}

reduces).

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