Carbonyl reactivity and acyl substitution

14 questions on Carbonyl reactivity and acyl substitution from the Organic Reaction Mechanisms I: Nucleophiles and Carbonyl Addition chapter: 3 NEET level, 6 JEE Main, 5 JEE Advanced. Each one opens with its answer and solution.

• Which of the structures shown is more reactive than the ketone shown towards nucleophilic addition of cyanide? NEET level, drawn structure
• The acid derivative shown is treated with water at room temperature. Which pair of products is formed? NEET level, drawn structure
• The anhydride shown is treated with an excess of ammonia. What is the nitrogen-containing organic product? NEET level, drawn structure
• All the derivatives shown are derived from the carboxylic acid shown. Which derivative is hydrolysed fastest by cold water? JEE Main level, drawn structure
• Which of the structures shown has a larger equilibrium constant for hydration (carbonyl to gem-diol) than the aldehyde shown? JEE Main level, drawn structure
• The ester shown is reduced with an excess of lithium aluminium hydride, followed by aqueous work-up. Which product(s) are formed? JEE Main level, drawn structure
• The amide shown is reduced with an excess of lithium aluminium hydride, followed by aqueous work-up. Which of the following is formed? JEE Main level, drawn structure
• The acid chloride shown reacts with various reagents. Select the correct statement(s). JEE Main level, drawn structure
• The aromatic aldehyde shown carries a strongly electron-withdrawing group. Compared with benzaldehyde, select the correct statement(s). JEE Main level, drawn structure
• One mole of the anhydride shown is treated with a large excess of methylmagnesium bromide, followed by aqueous acid work-up. Assume that each acyl group that is... JEE Advanced level, drawn structure
• The acid chloride shown is first treated with two equivalents of methylamine, and the isolated product is then reduced with excess lithium aluminium hydride fol... JEE Advanced level, drawn structure
• The bifunctional compound shown is treated with one equivalent of methanol and pyridine at 0 degrees C. Which structure is the major product? JEE Advanced level, drawn structure
• The lactone shown is treated with an excess of methylmagnesium bromide, followed by aqueous work-up. Which structure is the product? JEE Advanced level, drawn structure
• Assertion (A): Lithium aluminium hydride reduces the amide shown to an amine, whereas it reduces esters to alcohols. Reason (R): In the tetrahedral intermediate... JEE Advanced level, drawn structure