Which of the following gives brisk effervescence of $\mathrm{CO}{}_2$ with aqueous sodium hydrogencarbonate?

Carboxylic acids are stronger acids than carbonic acid and liberate $\mathrm{CO}{}_2$ from $\mathrm{NaHCO}{}_3$. Phenol is weaker than carbonic acid, and benzyl alcohol and benzaldehyde are neutral. So only benzoic acid effervesces.