Which of the following give an aldehyde or a ketone on hydrolysis with hot aqueous NaOH?

A2,2-dichloropropane
B1,1-dichloroethane
C1,2-dichloroethane
D1,3-dichloropropane

Answer: A, B

A gem-dihalide gives an unstable gem-diol which loses water: 2,2-dichloropropane gives propanone and 1,1-dichloroethane gives ethanal. Vicinal and 1,3-dihalides give diols instead.

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