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In the E1 mechanism, the rate-determining step is

  1. Aremoval of the beta-hydrogen by the base
  2. Bsimultaneous removal of H and X in one concerted step
  3. Cionisation of the C-X bond to give a carbocation
  4. Dattack of a nucleophile on the carbocation

Answer: C

E1 is a two-step path. The slow first step is heterolysis of the C-X bond to a carbocation; the fast second step removes a beta-proton.
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