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NEET levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 1 of 3o2119

In the sulfonation of benzene with fuming sulfuric acid, the electrophile is

A $SO X_{4} X^{2 -}$
B $H X_{3} O X^{+}$
C $HSO X_{4} X^{-}$
D $SO X_{3}$

Answer: D

Fuming sulfuric acid (oleum) contains dissolved

SO X_{3}

, which is a neutral but strongly electron-deficient electrophile at sulfur. It attacks the ring to give benzenesulfonic acid.

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