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In water, , and all appear to be equally strong acids. This is called

  1. Athe ortho effect
  2. Bthe levelling effect of the solvent
  3. Cthe inductive effect
  4. Dthe common ion effect

Answer: B

Water is basic enough to protonate completely any acid stronger than . All such acids are converted to , the strongest acid that can exist in water, so they appear equally strong. This is the levelling effect.
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