MolSynapsequestion bank
MolSynapse / Question bank / General Organic Chemistry II: Acids and Bases / Basic strength of amines and heterocycles
JEE Advanced levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 3 of 3g2092

4-Aminopyridine (pKaH 9.2) is a much stronger base than pyridine (5.2). In it, protonation occurs at the ring nitrogen because

  1. Athe amino nitrogen lone pair is part of the aromatic sextet so only the ring nitrogen can be protonated
  2. Bprotonation of the amino group is impossible because it is sp hybridised
  3. Cthe amino group withdraws electron density from the ring by effect
  4. Dthe resulting cation is stabilised by a resonance structure in which the amino nitrogen donates its lone pair to carry the positive charge

Answer: D

The group at C-4 is conjugated with the ring nitrogen (para relationship) and can push its lone pair through the ring to the N atom, giving an amidinium-like resonance form. Protonation at the ring N gives this stabilised cation; protonation at the amino N would give with no such stabilisation. This explains pKaH 9.2 versus 5.2.
Practice General Organic Chemistry II: Acids and Bases More on Basic strength of amines and heterocycles

More questions on Basic strength of amines and heterocycles