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JEE Main levelSingle correct optionDifficulty 2 of 3g1080

Arrange in decreasing order of acid strength: (I) 4-nitrobenzoic acid, (II) benzoic acid, (III) 4-methoxybenzoic acid.

  1. A
  2. B
  3. C
  4. D

Answer: D

The -M and -I effects of stabilise the carboxylate and raise acidity. The +M effect of at the para position destabilises the carboxylate by pushing electron density towards it, lowering acidity. The pKa values are about 3.4, 4.2 and 4.5, so the order is I > II > III.
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